They assist when working with variables or fields of the String data type.
When working with strings, these different case types can be encountered -
Sentence case is where most major and minor words are lowercase - except for the first letter of the forst word in the text, and proper nouns that are always capitalized.
Proper case is where every word starts with a capital letter.
Title case is where major words are capitalized, and most minor words are lowercase.
Uppercase is where all sored are capitalized.
Lowercase is where all words are lowercase.
Camel case is often used as a naming convention in computer programming, and is a way of separating the words in a phrase, by capitalizing the first letter of each word and not using spaces. It is named after camels because the capital letters resemble the humps on a camel's back - they go up and down.